Three kinds of relationship with RBI
Earlier descriptions often called all of these bodies “RBIReserve Bank of India. India's central bank. It regulates banks and payment systems, runs RTGS and NEFT, and holds the accounts in which banks settle with one another. subsidiaries”. The sources show three different relationships:
- Wholly owned by RBI. DICGCDeposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation. A wholly owned subsidiary of RBI that insures bank deposits, currently up to ₹5 lakh per depositor per bank., BRBNMPLBharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Private Limited. A wholly owned subsidiary of RBI that prints banknotes at presses in Mysuru and Salboni., ReBITReserve Bank Information Technology Private Limited. A wholly owned subsidiary of RBI that handles RBI's IT projects and cyber security, and supports its supervision of banks through security audits., IFTASIndian Financial Technology and Allied Services. A wholly owned subsidiary of RBI that runs INFINET, the banking sector's private network, and SFMS, the messaging system behind RTGS and NEFT. and RBIHReserve Bank Innovation Hub. A wholly owned, not-for-profit subsidiary of RBI in Bengaluru that promotes financial innovation. It builds the Unified Lending Interface. are companies that RBI owns outright. DICGC is a wholly owned subsidiary of RBI, governed by the DICGC Act, 1961.1Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation. DICGC Information Leaflet. As of 29 September 2026.
- Set up by RBI or at its instance, but not owned by it. IDRBTInstitute for Development and Research in Banking Technology. A society set up by RBI in 1996 in Hyderabad for research and training in banking technology. It built INFINET, SFMS and the National Financial Switch. is a society RBI established. NPCINational Payments Corporation of India. A not-for-profit company set up in 2008 as an initiative of RBI and the Indian Banks' Association, owned by banks. It runs retail payment systems such as UPI and the National Financial Switch. and CCILThe Clearing Corporation of India Limited. The central counterparty for India's government securities, money market, forex and rupee derivative trades, authorised by RBI. were created at RBI’s initiative but are owned by banks and financial institutions. NPCI was incorporated in December 2008 as a not-for-profit company, an initiative of RBI and the Indian Banks' Association under the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007.7ICRA. National Payments Corporation of India: rating rationale. As of 30 June 2025.
- Owned by the Government of India. NABARDNational Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development. A statutory development bank for agriculture and rural credit, wholly owned by the Government of India since RBI sold its last shares in 2019. and NHBNational Housing Bank. A statutory body, wholly owned by the Government of India, that finances and promotes housing finance institutions and supervises housing finance companies. were once held by RBI, which sold its stakes by 2019, and CERSAICentral Registry of Securitisation Asset Reconstruction and Security Interest of India. A Government company that runs the central registry of security interests, so lenders can check whether a property already secures a loan. is a Government company. RBI sold its remaining stakes in NABARD (26 February 2019) and NHB (19 March 2019); the Government of India now owns 100% of both.9Reserve Bank of India. Reserve Bank of India divests its share in NABARD and NHB (Press Release 2018-2019/2528). As of 24 April 2019. CERSAI is a Government company, licensed under section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956, set up to run the central registry under the SARFAESI Act; the registry became operational on 31 March 2011.10Reserve Bank of India. Setting up of Central Electronic Registry under the SARFAESI Act 2002 (RBI/2010-2011/545). As of 25 May 2011.
Employee numbers appear only where an official source gives them. Where none was found, the page says so rather than estimating.
Relationship map
Select an institution to see only its connections. The table under the map lists every connection and is generated from the same data. Colours show the kind of relationship with RBI.
- Wholly owned by RBI
- Set up by RBI or at its instance, not owned by RBI
- Owned by the Government of India
Pick an institution
Select a circle to see only its connections.
RBI
Reserve Bank of India
- RBI to DICGC: Wholly owned subsidiary
- RBI to BRBNMPL: Wholly owned subsidiary
- RBI to ReBIT: Wholly owned subsidiary
- RBI to IFTAS: Wholly owned subsidiary
- RBI to RBIH: Wholly owned subsidiary
- RBI to IDRBT: Established IDRBT (1996)
- RBI to CCIL: Set up at RBI's behest (2001)
- IFTAS to RBI: Network and messaging for RTGS and NEFT
- RBI to NPCI: Authorises NPCI's payment systems
- RBI to CCIL: Authorises CCIL as a central counterparty
- RBI to NABARD: Former owner (stake sold by 2019)
- RBI to NHB: Former owner (stake sold in 2019)
- NHB to RBI: Housing finance regulation moved to RBI (2019)
- RBI to CERSAI: RBI circulars point lenders to CERSAI's registry
BRBNMPL
Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran Private Limited
- RBI to BRBNMPL: Wholly owned subsidiary
DICGC
Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation
- RBI to DICGC: Wholly owned subsidiary
IFTAS
Indian Financial Technology and Allied Services
- RBI to IFTAS: Wholly owned subsidiary
- IDRBT to IFTAS: Handed over INFINET, SFMS, RTGS and NEFT systems (2015)
- IFTAS to RBI: Network and messaging for RTGS and NEFT
ReBIT
Reserve Bank Information Technology Private Limited
- RBI to ReBIT: Wholly owned subsidiary
CCIL
The Clearing Corporation of India Limited
- RBI to CCIL: Set up at RBI's behest (2001)
- RBI to CCIL: Authorises CCIL as a central counterparty
IDRBT
Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology
- RBI to IDRBT: Established IDRBT (1996)
- IDRBT to IFTAS: Handed over INFINET, SFMS, RTGS and NEFT systems (2015)
- IDRBT to NPCI: Handed over the National Financial Switch (2009)
NPCI
National Payments Corporation of India
- IDRBT to NPCI: Handed over the National Financial Switch (2009)
- RBI to NPCI: Authorises NPCI's payment systems
CERSAI
Central Registry of Securitisation Asset Reconstruction and Security Interest of India
- RBI to CERSAI: RBI circulars point lenders to CERSAI's registry
NABARD
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
- RBI to NABARD: Former owner (stake sold by 2019)
NHB
National Housing Bank
- RBI to NHB: Former owner (stake sold in 2019)
- NHB to RBI: Housing finance regulation moved to RBI (2019)
- Ownership
- Founding
- Operational
- Infrastructure
- Regulatory
| From | To | Type | Relationship |
|---|---|---|---|
| RBI | DICGC | ownership | Wholly owned subsidiary |
| RBI | BRBNMPL | ownership | Wholly owned subsidiary |
| RBI | ReBIT | ownership | Wholly owned subsidiary |
| RBI | IFTAS | ownership | Wholly owned subsidiary |
| RBI | RBIH | ownership | Wholly owned subsidiary |
| RBI | IDRBT | founding | Established IDRBT (1996) |
| RBI | CCIL | founding | Set up at RBI's behest (2001) |
| IDRBT | IFTAS | operational | Handed over INFINET, SFMS, RTGS and NEFT systems (2015) |
| IDRBT | NPCI | operational | Handed over the National Financial Switch (2009) |
| IFTAS | RBI | infrastructure | Network and messaging for RTGS and NEFT |
| RBI | NPCI | regulatory | Authorises NPCI's payment systems |
| RBI | CCIL | regulatory | Authorises CCIL as a central counterparty |
| RBI | NABARD | ownership | Former owner (stake sold by 2019) |
| RBI | NHB | ownership | Former owner (stake sold in 2019) |
| NHB | RBI | regulatory | Housing finance regulation moved to RBI (2019) |
| RBI | CERSAI | regulatory | RBI circulars point lenders to CERSAI's registry |
The institutions compared
| Institution | Relationship with RBI | Headquarters | Established | Employees |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRBNMPL | Wholly owned by RBI | Bengaluru | 1995 | No official figure found |
| DICGC | Wholly owned by RBI | Mumbai | 1978 | No official figure found |
| IFTAS | Wholly owned by RBI | Not confirmed | Not confirmed | No official figure found |
| RBIH | Wholly owned by RBI | Bengaluru | 2022 | No official figure found |
| ReBIT | Wholly owned by RBI | Not confirmed | Not confirmed | No official figure found |
| CCIL | Set up by RBI or at its instance, not owned by RBI | Mumbai | 2001 | No official figure found |
| IDRBT | Set up by RBI or at its instance, not owned by RBI | Hyderabad | 1996 | No official figure found |
| NPCI | Set up by RBI or at its instance, not owned by RBI | Mumbai | 2008 | No official figure found |
| CERSAI | Owned by the Government of India | Not confirmed | 2011 | No official figure found |
| NABARD | Owned by the Government of India | Mumbai | 1982 | 3,134 (as of 31 March 2024, National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development) |
| NHB | Owned by the Government of India | New Delhi | 1988 | No official figure found |
Each institution's page lists the sources for its record. 'Not confirmed' means no official source was found yet.